The October 7, 2023, attack by Hamas on Israel, and the subsequent massive Israeli military response, have once again plunged the Middle East into bloodshed. Over a thousand Israelis were killed in the initial terrorist attack, while, as of July 1, 2024, some 35,000 Palestinians have died due to Israeli military action in the Gaza strip.

Given the recency and extreme sensitivity of these events, is it appropriate, or even possible, to try to comprehend them with the help of international relations theories?

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