Today I spent 65% of my monthly income to get my car’s exhaust replaced. This is not shocking, unheard of, or even rare. The United States has been built to accommodate the automobile. In doing so, we have accomplished what transportation historian Peter Norton describes as normalizing the abnormal. It is expected that every American adult own a personal vehicle, and thus it is normal for Americans to allocate more than 15% of their total annual spending toward cars.
Read MoreWe find that drivers’ choice of the interaction modality is associated with the driving scenarios. Specifically, drivers prefer voice-controlled systems (VCS) when they are driving alone, driving on highways, and driving in an environment with high traffic complexity. Further, drivers have different preferences of interaction modalities for different tasks: when tasks are more distracting and more time-demanding, drivers prefer VCS over manual interactions
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